Gamma rays may be used to kill pathogens in ground beef. one irradiation facility uses a 60co source that has an activity of 1.0×106ci. 60co undergoes beta decay and then gives off two gamma rays, at 1.17 and 1.33 mev; typically 30% of this gamma-ray energy is absorbed by the meat. the dose required to kill all pathogens present in the beef is 4000 gy.

how many kilograms of meat per hour can be processed in this facility? express your answer in kilograms per hour.

Explanation:

Energy of gamma rays due to ore decay is

Energy of gamma ray produced in seconds is

Activity

Total energy of gamma ray produced in second is

E-energy of gamma ray produced in an hour is

Gamma ray energy absorbed by meat = 30% (in 1 hour) of E is 0.3E

Dose required to kill pathogen = 4000Gy=4000J/kg

The kilogram of meat that can be produced per hour is

The meat that can be produced =

freezing

deposition

condensation

explanation;

melting also called fusion is the process where solid becomes liquid, sublimation is the process where solid becomes gaseous without first changing to liquid, deposition involves change from gaseous to solid state, freezing involves change from liquid to solid, boiling or evaporation involves change of liquid to gaseous state, while condensation is the change from gaseous state to liquid state.

endothermic reactions involves absorption of heat from the surroundings or the environment while exothermic reactions involves loss of heat energy to the surroundings.

in this case, sublimation, evaporation and melting are endothermic reactions (gain energy from the environment) while, freezing, deposition and condensation are exothermic (loss of energy to the surroundings) reactions.

grav force prop 1/r squared 2r all squared is 4rsquared 1/4rsquared quartered