Read the excerpt from an 1852 speech by Italian statesman Giuseppe Mazzini on Lombardy, a region of Italy that was ruled by Austria at the time. [Lombardy] struggled, they still struggle . . . for country and liberty; . . . They speak the same language, they bear about them the impress of consanguinity [common ancestors], they kneel beside the same tombs, they glory in the same tradition; and they demand to associate freely, without obstacles, without foreign domination

–Giuseppe Mazzini, On Nationality, 1852

Which summarizes Mazzini’s argument about independence for Lombardy?

Lombardy had some of the common bonds required of an independent nation-state, but not enough.
Lombardy should not struggle for independence because it had strong bonds with Austria.
Lombardy should be an independent nation-state because it had a strong national identity.
Lombardy should not be kept from enjoying personal independence because of Austria’s actions.