Everyday, meghan feeds the sunfish off the dock at the lake where she lives. over time, the fish recognize her footsteps and come to the surface of the water when she walks out on the deck. the fish recognizing her footsteps and coming to the surface is an example of:

conditioned response

Explanation:

Conditioning learning is an style of learning where a conditioned stimulus is associated with an unconditioned stimulus and they produce a conditioned behavioral response.

In this learning, at first, the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) is an stimulus that produces a response by itself in a natural way, thus, the UCS acts as a naturally occurring trigger that leads to a natural response.

This natural response that the UCS triggers is called the unconditioned response (UCR), thus, the UCR is a natural response to the unconditioned stimulus.

The conditioned stimulus (CS) is what comes next in the process, and this is an stimulus  that does not create a response on its own but when it's paired with the UCS, and after some repetitions, it creates a response which is learned. Thus, the CS is an stimulus that becomes able to produce a learned response by being paired with the original unconditioned stimulus.

(4) This conditionally learned response that was learned because of said pairing is called conditioned response (CR), thus the CR is a learned response to a conditioned stimulus.

In this example, Meghan feeds the sunfish off the dock at the lake. The sunfish react naturally to the food, the food triggers the conduct of coming to the surface (thus the food is the unconditioned stimulus and coming to the surface is the unconditioned response). Over time, the fish start coming to the surface as soon as she walks out on the deck. The fish have learned to pair the presence of Meghan and her footsteps with the food (thus, the footsteps would be the conditioned stimulus). Since they are coming to the surface as soon as they hear the footsteps and this is a learned behavior,  we can say that this is an example of conditioned response.

answer: ‘no one should be discriminated against because he or she is not from a minority group’

because—> affirmative action means ‘a policy or program that provides opportunities for traditionally disadvantaged groups to them overcome the effects of discrimination’