If different groups of scientist have access to the same data, how can they draw different conclusions?

This may depend on the model in which the scientist is working with, for example, different models see the electrons in different ways, where ones like the Drude model are very simplistic and other ones, like the used for medical physics are a little bit more complex. So for example for the same data, a given number of electrons in a given material, the different groups of scientist can draw different results because they may be trying different experiments in which they use a different models to "think" the problem that they want to solve, where ones may want to see how the material conducts heat (Drude model) and others may want to see how the material can be used in a radiating machine (more complex models)

there are no correct statementd on the list of choices you provided.

the components of a vector are the parts of the vectors that are to each other.

b perpendicular