Which of the following best characterizes u. s. immigration policies before the 1870s?

a. immigration was discouraged to preserve the jobs of low-income americans.
b. european immigration was encouraged but asian immigration was barred.
c. only immigrants from northern europe were permitted to enter the country.
d. laws were relatively lax, and people could cross land borders without documentation.

Why would a person who believes in a strict interpretation of the constitution have a concern with the elastic clause? a) the elastic clause limits the ability of the government to respond to new needs of the nation. b) the elastic clause gives the supreme court original jurisdiction in a limited number of cases. c) the elastic clause allows congress to exercise powers not specifically listed in the constitution. d) the elastic clause guarantees that a citizen's property cannot be taken away with due process of law.