Question 8(multiple choice worth 5 points)
"the city of baghdad formed two vast semi-circles on the right and left banks of the tigris, twelve miles in diameter. the numerous suburbs, covered with parks, gardens, villas and beautiful promenades, and plentifully supplied with rich bazaars, and finely built mosques and baths, stretched for a considerable distance on both sides of the river. in the days of its prosperity the population of baghdad and its suburbs amounted to over two millions! long wide estrades at the different gates of the city were used by the citizens for gossip and recreation or for watching the flow of travelers and country folk into the capital. the different nationalities in the capital had each a head officer to represent their interests with the government, and to whom the stranger could appeal for counsel or ."
—william stearns davis, ed., readings in ancient history: illustrative extracts from the sources, 2 vols. (boston: allyn and bacon, 1912-13), vol. ii: rome and the west, pp. 365-367
considering this excerpt written by the arab geographer yakut in the 13th century, what can we say about islamic baghdad at that time?
it tolerated a diverse population.
it forbade the practice of other religions.
it excluded non-muslims from the city.
it imposed laws to limit the rights of non-muslims.

b. andrew

- "the civil rights movements"

- "following the american civil war and abolition of slavery, the united states entered a period known as reconstruction, during which black americans continued to suffer from disenfranchisement, racial segregation, and economic oppression. beginning in the early 1950's, black americans launched a series of major campaigns of civil resistance, emphasizing the need for nonviolent protests and civil disobedience."

"such as the montgomery bus boycott of 1955-56, a campaign launched by rosa parks against the policy of racial segregation of the public transit system in alabama. “sit-ins” became popular across the american south, particularly in greensboro, north carolina, increase national sentiment."

- "the counterculture movement"

- "counterculture began to develop in the united states following the rise of conformity in american culture during the 1950s. by 1963, youth, particularly those of the white middle class, began rejecting the cultural standards and normality of their parents, opting for progressive attitudes instead. the movement gained momentum as the civil rights movement became increasingly successful and as the u.s. military intervention of vietnam began to take a negative turn."

"hippie counterculture moved further into popular culture following the summer of love in 1967 when thousands of people came together in the haight-ashbury neighborhood of san francisco. along with greenwich village in new york city, haight-ashbury became a hub for the counterculture movement."