CHAPTER 26 SECTION 3: THE GROWTH OF TRADE
1. By the 1500s the Atlantic Ocean became a busy sea . Ships carried
and . The Hemisphere includes the continents
east of the Atlantic Ocean. The Hemisphere includes the Americas. ,
, , , and were exchanged between them.
This exchange between the hemispheres is called the .
2. More than million people came from Europe to the Americas. Probably the most
important crop brought from the Americas to Europe was maize or . Other crops
brought over included , , , , and .
3. In turn, crops brought from Europe to the Americas included , ,
, , , , , and .
On Columbus’ second voyage be brought , , , , and
. The became a central part of the Native American culture. They
began to use and European in warfare and hunting. Some exchanges
happened by . European had a deadly effect on the Native Americans.
4. A new economic system developed called . This system emphasized
strengthening a nation by expanding . It taught that the main goal of trade was
to make a nation more . Nations developed policies to trade and
boost . “We must ever observe this rule: to sell more…yearly than we
… in .” Describe four economic effects of the tea trade:
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. Nations foreign goods to keep them out and to increase the market for
goods. Nations founded to supply them with
that the mother country turned into to sell. Colonies
could not with other countries and bought goods from the country.
6. Capitalism grew out of this. It believes businesses should be owned and
operated for a . It is also called the or
system. Here compete to supply goods.
The relationship between and determines the price. In the 1500s,
prices for goods went up while the amount of money in circulation . This led to
. This period of runaway inflation was called the .
7. Explain in detail the two causes of the Price revolution:
A.

B.

With high prices meant greater . This extra money or was reinvested.
8. Explain how the cottage industry worked in England with the production of cloth:



9. Define traditional economy:
Define market economy:
10. In cities and thrived and formed a
class. At the same time, laborers and lived on the edge of
in conditions.

the correct answer is (d.) gerrymandering. i hope this . : )

the mandate of heaven or tian ming (chinese: 天命; pinyin: tiānmìng; wade–giles: t'ien-ming) is a chinese political and religious doctrine used since ancient times to justify the rule of the king or emperor of china. according to this belief, heaven (天, tian)—which embodies the natural order and will of the universe—bestows the mandate on a just ruler of china, the "son of heaven" of the "celestial empire". if a ruler was overthrown, this was interpreted as an indication that the ruler was unworthy, and had lost the mandate. it was also a common belief among citizens that natural disasters such as famine and flood were signs of heaven's displeasure with the ruler, so there would often be revolts following major disasters as citizens saw these as signs that the mandate of heaven had been withdrawn.[1]

a brief flow chart describing the dynastic cycles in imperial china on claiming to withdrawing the mandate of heaven

the mandate of heaven does not require a legitimate ruler to be of noble birth, depending instead on the just and able performance of the rulers and their heirs. dynasties such as the han and ming dynasties were founded by men of common origins. the concept is in some ways similar to the european concept of the divine right of kings; however, unlike the european concept, it does not in theory confer an unconditional right to rule, despite this being exactly the case in practicality. the mandate would in theory be a preoccupation in a ruler's lifetime, when he would hold onto the mandate and live according to heavens. intrinsic to the concept of the mandate of heaven was the right of rebellion against an unjust ruler. chinese historians interpreted a successful revolt as evidence that heaven had withdrawn its mandate from the ruler. throughout chinese history, times of poverty and natural disasters were often taken as signs that heaven considered the incumbent ruler unjust and thus in need of replacement. the mandate of heaven was often invoked by philosophers and scholars in china as a way to curtail the abuse of power by the ruler. while each dynasty was not the same, they each had a lineage that passed on the prospective ruler by order of generational descent or their priority of birth. many emperors during the imperial times would optimize to have many sons who could be candidates to fill the position after the current ruler has died. in addition heaven was thought to be of how a ruler's works and performance was, which reflected upon how favorable they would be to heaven.