To what extent did Islam change its understanding of the Umma to meet new political and cultural realities?

Islam came to the Southeast Asia, first by the way of Muslim traders along the main trade-route between Asia and the Far East, then was further spread by Sufi orders and finally consolidated by the expansion of the territories of converted rulers and their communities.

Remember soh-cah-toasoh: cah: toa: now, looking at the picture we can see that we have an angle, the hypotenuse and want to find the value of the adjacent side to the angle. so we use cah to find the adjacent angle. plug in what we have: we need to solve for x now so we get it by itself on one side: plug this into your calculator and you'll find that: