Read this excerpt from Thomas Paine's essay "Common Sense": Mankind being originally equals in the order of creation, the equality could only be destroyed by some subsequent circumstance; the
distinctions of rich, and poor, may in a great measure be accounted for, and that without having recourse to the harsh, ill-sounding names
of oppression and avarice. Oppression is often the CONSEQUENCE, but seldom or never the MEANS of riches; and though avarice will
preserve a man from being necessitously poor, It generally makes him too timorous to be wealthy.
But there is another and greater distinction, for which no truly natural or religious reason can be assigned, and that is, the distinction of
men into KINGS and SUBJECTS. Male and female are the distinctions of nature, good and bad the distinctions of heaven; but how a race of
men came into the world so exalted above the rest, and distinguished like some new species, is worth inquiring Into, and whether they are
the means of happiness or of misery to mankind.
What is Thomas Paine's central claim in this excerpt?
OA.
OB.
There will always be a distinction between kings and their subjects.
The equality that humans enjoyed during creation has been ruined because of war and famine.
Not all people who belonged to the upper sections of society were cruel.
The differences between the kings and the subjects were not religious or natural.
C.
D.
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The answer to the question What is Thomas Paine's central claim in this excerpt? The answer is A.) The differences between the kings and the subjects are not natural or necessary.

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1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)