Why does the raven have such a negative effect on the speaker in "the raven"?
a.
the raven's speech reminds the speaker of his own loneliness.
b.
the raven laughs at the speaker's pain over losing lenore.
c.
the raven talks constantly of lenore.
d.
the raven creates a racket when the speaker is trying to read.

to eliminate ambiguous remote or broad reference it is necessary to focus on anaphoric reference. by definition "anaphoric reference means that a word in a text refers back to other ideas in the text for its meaning." the references should be clear and leave no room for ambiguity.

in the first case the pronoun it probably refers to the car but it has not been mentioned before so we should replace it for the car. in doing so the statement becomes clear.

in sentence number   two   the pronoun he refers to charles dickens the author. yet, the first half of the sentence is about the book a tale of two cities. to repair this it would be better to rephrase the first half : after i read   a tale of two cities by dickens, he so as to remove the remote reference.

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