How writing came about" in addition to the other resources, how do you think a society changes once an alphabet/writing is introduced? in walter ong's orality and literacy (1988), he asserts that writing enables the existence of discourse "which cannot be directly questioned or contested as oral speech can be because written discourse is detached from the writer." give this some thought as you reflect on the initial question of this threaded discussion. imagine a world without letters.

paine is arguying that they had tried everything before coming to the conclusion that they needed to fight for their freedom.

argument: "every quiet method for peace hath been ineffectual."

claim 1: "our prayers have been rejected with disdain; and only tended to convince us, that nothing flatters vanity, or confirms obstinacy in kings more than repeated petitioning and nothing hath contributed more than that very measure to make the kings of europe absolute."

claim 2: "wherefore, since nothing but blows will do, for god’s sake, let us come to a final separation, and not leave the next generation to be cutting throats, under the violated unmeaning names of parent and child."

what are the words supposed to be listed?