The following two experiments are carried out with anhydrous potassium chloride and
observations x and y are made at the end of each experiment.
concentrated sulfuric acid is added to the potassium chloride and the fumes produced are bubbled into aqueous potassium iodide solution - observation x.
the potassium chloride is dissolved in aqueous ammonia and this is then added to aqueous silver nitrate - observation y.
what are the observations x and y?

Observation X: The aqueous potassium iodide solution becomes yellow in color

Observation Y: A clear, colorless solution is observed.

Explanation:

Experiment 1

When Concentrated sulfuric acid is added to potassium chloride, hydrogen chloride gas is produced:

H₂SO₄ + 2KCl ⇒ 2HCl (g) + K₂SO₄

When the HCl gas is bubbled into aqueous potassium iodide, a redox reaction takes place at room temperature when energy is provided in the form of light:

4H⁺ + 4I⁻ + O₂ ⇒ 2I₂ + 2H₂O

The iodine causes the solution to become yellow in color (or darker yellow/brown at high concentrations of iodine).

Experiment 2:

When potassium chloride in aqueous ammonia is added to aqueous silver nitrate, the following net reaction occurs:

Ag⁺ + 2NH₃ ⇒ [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺

The silver reacts with ammonia rather than chloride as ammonia is a better ligand in this case. The ammonia complex is soluble in water.

Thus, a clear, colorless solution will be observed.

the correct option is c.

isotopes refers to different forms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass number as a result of difference in their neutron numbers. isotopes have different relative atomic mass but share the same chemical properties.

particle   p is an electron and particle q is a neutron