At age 4, james underwent a biopsy of the right gastrocnemius muscle. the pathologist's report noted histopathologic changes suggestive of duchenne muscular dystrophy. describe the typical microscopic changes noted in the muscle tissue of someone with duchenne's muscular dystrophy.

In an experiment examining the effects tai chi on arthritis pain, callahan (2010) selected a large sample of individuals with doctor-diagnosed arthritis. half of the participants immediately began a tai chi course and the other half (the control group) waited 8 weeks before beginning. at the end of 8 weeks, the individuals who had experienced tai chi had less arthritis pain that those who had not participated in the course.