An indirect measurement of the speed of molecules is temperature friction energy

temperature

Temperature is a degree of hotness or coldness measured on a definite scale on an instrument called as thermometer. It actually measures the kinetic energy of randomly moving particles or molecules of air in an atmosphere, living system or entity under study in a constant speed.

the father in the first generation probably had the recessive colorblind trait in his x chromosome. if he and his wife both had the colorblind trait, even if she had 1 recessive and 1 dominant, then that trait would be passed on to their kids.

(since you didn't attach the family tree this is just an assumption)

organ system-an organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. each does a particular job in the body, and is made up of certain tissues.