In parts of equatorial Africa, where the malaria parasite is most common, the sickle- cell allele constitutes 20% of the B-hemoglobin alleles in the human gene pool. The
sickle cell trait provides an advantage against malaria compared to people with
normal hemoglobin. In the United States, the parasite that causes malaria is not
present, but African Americans whose ancestors were from equatorial Africa have
the sickle-cell B-hemoglobin allele. These differences in traits illustrate

Mouse liver cells were homogenized and the homogenate subjected to equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation with sucrose gradients. fractions obtained from these gradients were assayed for marker molecules (i. e., molecules that are limited to specific organelles). the results of these assays are shown in the figure. the marker molecules have the following functions: cytochrome oxidase is an enzyme involved in the process by which atp is formed in the complete aerobic degradation of glucose or fatty acids; ribosomal rna forms part of the protein-synthesizing ribosomes; catalase catalyzes decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; acid phosphatase hydrolysis monophosphoric esters at acid ph; cytidylyltransferase is involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; and amino acid permease aids in transport of amino acids across membranes. a) name the marker molecule and give the number of the fraction that is most enriched for each of the following cell components: lysosomes; peroxisomes; mitochondria; plasma membrane; rough endoplasmic reticulum; smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Plz ! ive been stuck on this forever

Factors that can increase mutation rates a. high temps b. low temps c. food additives d. uv rays