Seven steps of primary succession

there are not 7 steps of primary succesion and they only have 4 steps.

Explanation:

The complete process of a primary autotrophic ecological succession involves the following sequential steps, which follow one another:

Nudation:

Invasion:

Competition and reaction:

Stabilization or climax:

the oceanic zone is typically defined as the area of the ocean lying beyond the continental shelf, but operationally is often referred to as beginning where the water depths drop to below 100 meters (328 feet), seaward from the coast to the open ocean.

explanation: