In addition to providing yogurt with its unique flavor and texture, lactic acid-producing bacteria also provide which additional benefit during food production?
providing xenobiotics
lowering the ph to kill pathogenic bacteria
pasteurizing milk products
breaking down lactose for lactose-intolerant individuals

i believe the answer is snake.

passive transport is a movement of biochemicals and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input. unlike active transport, it does not require an input of cellular energy because it is instead driven by the tendency of the system to grow in entropy.

so, according to what that says, i believe it's hypertonic and hypotonic.

good luck!