Spanish, 15.04.2020 23:15, jaksenpounders

El clorato de potasio, KClO 3, se descompone en cloruro de potasio KCl, y oxígeno, O 2 . Calcula la masa de oxígeno que se obtiene al descomponerse 86,8 g de clorato de potasio por la acción del calor.

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answered: webbhlharryteach

$m_{O_{2}} = 41.853\,g$

Explanation:

La ecuación estequiométrica del proceso de descomposición es:

$KClO_{3} \rightharpoonup a\cdot KCl + b \cdot O_{2}$

Las ecuaciones de equilibrio por elemento son las siguientes:

1 = a

Cl:

1 = a

$3 = 2\cdot b$

La solución del sistema de ecuaciones es a = 1 y b = 1.5. Esto significa que por cada mol de clorato de potasio que se descompone se produce 1.5 moles de oxígeno. Los pesos moleculares del clorato de potasio y el oxígeno son:

$M_{O_{2}} = 31.998\,\frac{g}{mol}$

$M_{KClO_{3}} = 99.516\,\frac{g}{mol}$

Las cantidades de moles de clorato de potasio y oxígeno son, respectivamente:

$n_{KClO_{3}} = 0.872\,mol$

$n_{O_{2}} = 1.308\,mol$

La masa producida por el oxígeno es:

$m_{O_{2}} = (1.308\,mol)\cdot \left(31.998\,\frac{g}{mol}\right)$

$m_{O_{2}} = 41.853\,g$

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