When a researcher begins with a specific case or participant, and then applies those findings to subsequent participants in order to develop a theory, they are?

They are "utilizing a cross-case method approach and grounded theory".

Grounded Theory is an inductive strategy. Albeit numerous call Grounded Theory a subjective strategy, it isn't. It is a general technique. It is the methodical age of hypothesis from efficient research. It is an arrangement of thorough research strategies prompting the development of applied classifications.

Bob: coke is baby pandas.jim: what? how do you figure that coke is baby pandas? bob: because this book says so.jim: how do we know the book is correct? bob: because it says that coke is baby pandas.jim: how does that prove the book's accuracy? bob: because it's statement involving coke and baby pandas is correct, therefore it is accurate.jim: how do we know that it's correct? bob: because we have concluded that the book is accurate, and therefore the statement is correct.therefore, coke is baby pandas.