Kunda and oleson (1997) presented participants with just one or two examples of information that strongly challenged their pre-existing stereotypes. these researchers found that, when presented with just one or two examples that challenge a strongly-held stereotype, people

In reality reinforced people's confidence and belief in the stereotype when stood up to with such disconfirmations.

As per the scientists, this happened in light of the fact that the general population were persuaded by the counterexamples to discover considerably more reasons why their conviction held. The term stereotype was instituted by writer Walter Lippman , who alluded to these as "the little pictures we carry around in our heads."