The tendency for some depressed persons to perpetuate depression by blaming themselves for negative events is termed by martin seligman.

The answer is learned helplessness. It is the person's unwillingness to get out of a painful situation or giving up on finding a solution instead of working around to remove the stressor. It was believed that individuals who suffer from this are those with low self-esteem and those who lack self-confidence.

Ghana, first of the great medieval trading empires of western africa (fl. 7th–13th century). it was situated between the sahara and the headwaters of the sénégal and niger rivers, in an area that now comprises southeastern mauritania and part of mali.