What is anything that is used to determine value during the exchange of goods and services called? unit of account barter store of value medium of exchange

Anything that is used to determine value during the exchange of goods and services is called MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE.
Medium of exchange refers to any generally acceptable instrument that is used to facilitate trading and sales of goods between two parties.The medium of exchange must be acceptable to the two contracting parties.

An informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.