When 3-year-old matthew does not get his way, he tends to launch right into a tantrum. he does not just get a little upset but experiences intense anger very quickly. which aspect of temperament does this refer to?

The aspect of temperament that this refers to is EMOTIONALITY.
Emotionality refers to the observable behavioural and psychological component of emotion. It is a measure of a person emotional response to stimulus. Emotionality can be positive or negative. Negative emotionality is a personality trait, which refers to the frequency and the intensity with which a person experience negative emotions such as anger, stress, sadness, depression, etc.

Urban growth invariably feeds increased commercialization and industrialization. it requires continually expanding land areas. when urbanization rates are high, and countries do not have the institutional and managerial capacities or economic wherewithal to manage such rapid growths, they exert intense pressure on the types and nature of the resulting settlements. they contribute to the development of overcrowded slums and shanty towns without adequate essential services and necessary infrastructure.-by asit k. biswas and cecilia tortajada