Multiple choice exams involve testing a student's abilities, whereas essay exams involve testing abilities.

The answer is recognition and recall abilities. Multiple choice-type exams involve testing a student’s recognition abilities, while an essay exams involves testing a student’s recall abilities. Recognition refers to the human ability of a person to recognize any information experienced or encountered in a period of time, while recall refers to the ability of an individual to go back to previous experiences or information gathered to be recalled or to be refreshed once again.

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