Adesire to perform a behavior to obtain an external reward or avoid punishment is known as motivation.

It is known as extrinsic motivation

Explanation:

According to psychologists there can be two types of motivation, which help explain what drives our behavior. There can be extrinsic or intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation arises from outside of the individual and intrinsic motivation arises from whithin the individual, because the behavior is percieved as personally rewarding.

When a person engages in a behavior seeking a reward (e.g. money, recognition, awards, etc), or to avoid a punishment, he is driven by extrinsic motivation.

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