The captain of a boat is smuggling a family of Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany. A German naval boat comes alongside the captain’s boat and an officer asks if there are any Jews aboard. If the captain says “yes,” the Nazi officer will come aboard and shoot them. If the captain says “no” he will, in all likelihood, continue on his way and leave the Jewish refugees alone. (1) What should the captain do according to either utilitarianism or Kantian ethics? Explain.
(2) What do you think the captain should do? Explain.

Choose the best example of an indirect confrontation for the following situation: peter, a local school board member hired john whom owns a local print shop to make custom t-shirts for his son's basketball team, the ravens. they are about to play their final game of the year and are having a party to celebrate their semi-finalist rankings. unfortunately, the printer made a mistake and printed on red/blue shirts instead of black/blue which are the team's actual colors. peter explains to john that the team's colors are black/blue instead of red/blue and asks john what he thinks they should do. peter explains to john that the team's colors are black/blue and demands that john re-print the shirts on the correct colors. peter agrees to take the red/blue shirts but then posts a negative yelp review on john's business. peter agrees to take the red/blue shirts but tells everyone he can in the school about the incident and tells them not to buy from john. peter rejects the shirts and files a lawsuit to attempt to recover the down payment he made to john.