In classical conditioning, the is an initially neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a response.

Passage 2 — from catherine beecher, “treatise on the domestic economy”it appears, then, that it is in america, alone, that women are raised to equality with the other sex; and that, both in theory and practice, their interests are regarded as of equal value. they are made subordinate in station, only where a regard to their best interests demands it, while, as if in compensation for this, by custom and courtesy, they are always treated as superiors. universally in this country, through every class of society, precedence is given to woman, in all the comforts, conveniences, and courtesies, of life. in civil and political affairs, american women take no interest or concern, except so far as they sympathize with their family and personal friends; but in all cases, in which they do feel a concern, their opinions and feelings have a consideration, equal, or even superior, to that of the other sex. in matters pertaining to the education of their children, in the selection and support of a clergyman; in all benevolent enterprises, and in all questions relating to morals or manners, they have a superior influence. in such concerns, it would be impossible to carry a point, contrary to their judgment and feelings; while an enterprise, sustained by them, will seldom fail of success. if those who are bewailing themselves over the fancied wrongs and injuries of woman in this nation, could only see things as they are, they would know, that, whatever remnants of a barbarous or aristocratic age may remain in our civil institutions, in reference to the interests of women, it is only because they are ignorant of them, or do not use their influence to have them rectified; for it is very certain that there is nothing reasonable, which american women would unite in asking, that would not readily be bestowed. the preceding remarks, then, illustrate the position, that the democratic institutions of this country are in reality no other than the principles of christianity carried into operation, and that they tend to place woman in her true position in society, as having equal rights with the other sex; and that, in fact they have secured to american women a lofty and fortunate position, which, as yet, has been attained by the women of no other nation. analysis1. when beecher speaks of women’s “best interests” and their “true position in society,” what does she mean? 2. according to beecher, what trade-offs must american women make to obtain their “lofty and fortunate position” in society? in your view, is it a fair exchange? 3. according to beecher, in what realms do women naturally and legitimately exercise power? 4. on what grounds does beecher base her faith that american women can attain anything they “reasonably” ask, and how does she explain any “remnants” of bad treatment that might remain in the present?

Consider the speakers in "the raven" and the speaker in "the song of wandering aengus." write two paragraphs to compare and contrast the voice in these two poems. how does the poet give the speaker in each poem a distinctive voice? what effect does this voice have in each poem? use examples from each poem to as evidence for your answer "the raven"once upon a midnight dreary, while i pondered, weak and weary, over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—while i nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, as of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door.“‘tis some visitor,” i muttered, “tapping at my chamber door—only this and nothing more.”ah, distinctly i remember it was in the bleak december, and each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. eagerly i wished the morrow; —vainly i had sought to borrowfrom my books surcease of sorrow—sorrow for the lost lenore—for the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name lenore—nameless here for evermore. and the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtainthrilled me—filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before; so that now, to still the beating of my heart, i stood repeating“‘tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door—some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door; this it is and nothing more.”"the song of wandering aengus." i went out to the hazel wood, because a fire was in my head, and cut and peeled a hazel wand, and hooked a berry to a thread; and when white moths were on the wing, and moth-like stars were flickering out, i dropped the berry in a streamand caught a little silver trout. when i had laid it on the floori went to blow the fire aflame, but something rustled on the floor, and some one called me by my name: it had become a glimmering girlwith apple blossom in her hairwho called me by my name and ranand faded through the brightening air. plz hurry

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