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Which of the following contributed most to making the items listed in the box

What do these fatwas indicate with regard to the balance between practical legal reasoning and religious dictates answers?

All of the following statements point out negative aspects of the gilded age except: a. politicians gave government jobs to political supporters. b. political bosses cheated large cities out of millions of dollars. c. industrialists bribed members of congress to ensure favorable votes. d. in 1903, wisconsin became the first state to hold primary elections.