PLEASE HELP ASAP Explain whether these situations violated the First - Fourth Amendments

1. CITY REFUSES PERMIT FOR PRO-NAZI GROUP TO HOLD MEETING

2. CLERK AT CITY HALL FIRED FOR NOT BELIEVING IN GOD

3. NEWSPAPER SAYS MAYOR IS A CROOK, LIAR, AND DRUNKARD

4. HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS NOT ALLOWED TO ATTEND A PUBLIC MEETING ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

5. WOMEN ARRESTED AFTER STOLEN JEWELRY FOUND IN CAR

What is the cause of their extinction

Ineed your opinion for the question of what is your thoughts on the use of medical marijuana? (social experiment)

The authors of the paper "fudging the numbers: distributing chocolate influences student evaluations of an undergraduate course"† carried out a study to see if events unrelated to an undergraduate course could affect student evaluations. students enrolled in statistics courses taught by the same instructor participated in the study. all students attended the same lectures and one of six discussion sections that met once a week. at the end of the course, the researchers chose three of the discussion sections to be the "chocolate group." students in these three sections were offered chocolate prior to having them fill out course evaluations. students in the other three sections were not offered chocolate. the researchers concluded that "overall, students offered chocolate gave more positive evaluations than students not offered chocolate." indicate whether the study is an observational study or an experiment. give a brief explanation for your choice.