A psychologist wishes to test the hypothesis that the experience of chronic physical pain can cause clinical depression, but the Ethics Committee of his university won't allow him to conduct a study in which he inflicts pain on the subjects. What kind of research design might best allow the psychologist to test this hypothesis while circumventing the committee's objection

Read this quote from article i of the constitution. congress shall have power . . [t]o make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers. which type of powers does this quote refer to, and why is this type often the source of debate? the quote refers to reserved powers, which are given to the states to interpret as they will. the quote refers to expressed powers, which are not considered either “necessary or proper.” the quote refers to concurrent powers, which are difficult to implement equally in every state. the quote refers to implied powers, which are often difficult to interpret or understand.