Meat powder elicits salivation in dogs. Pavlov discovered that when he rang a bell before presenting meat powder to dogs, the bell would eventually come to elicit salivation without being paired with the meat powder. After being paired with the meat powder repeatedly, the bell becomes a/an ___.

Which of the following statements about culture and self-esteem is the most accurate? people from western cultures are more likely to say or do things to enhance other people's self-esteem (relative to people from asian cultures). the japanese praise each other for their achievements more often than americans do. people from asian cultures generally feel worse about themselves than people from western cultures. americans utter many more self-complimentary statements during conversations (relative to japanese individuals).