Barlow owns the surface rights for canyon ranch, but does not own the subsurface rights. dusty owns the subsurface rights. canyon ranch includes a house, a bunkhouse, and two barns, which are damaged when dusty is excavating for minerals under the surface. most likely responsible for the damage is

I would say that the most likely responsible for the damage in Canyon Ranch is Dusty.

Explanation:

I think that Dusty would be responsible for the damage because he is the owner of the subsurface that he is excavating. Barlow has the right to ask Dusty for the repair of the damages in Canyon Ranch because the damages are a direct consequence of Dusty's activity and, even though Dusty owns the subsurface he has to respond for the damages caused on other's property due to his excavations.