A drought in California created the opportunity for a quasi-experiment on the effectiveness of fines on water conservation (Agras et al., 1980). Three comparable cities were considered - two that instituted fines at different times and a third that did not. Water consumption data for the 3 years before the onset of the fines were used as baseline and subsequent consumption data were gathered through the end of the drought. Effectiveness of fines was assessed by examining consumption the following month. In this study, researchers capitalized on real-life opportunities to study phenomena. Therefore, they maximized which type of validity

External

Explanation:

Validity is simply defined as standards or attributes applicable to something or someone in a state of being logically or factually sound, soundness or cogency"

In science and statistics, validity is the rate or way to which a concept, conclusion or measurement is well grounded and works perfectly to the human world.

External Validity

Is the act of grouping, generalize results of the study to other kind of scenarios or situations.The area or rate an experiment gives room for conclusions to be drawn about what might happen outside of or beyond existing research is also said to be the concept of external validity.

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