Read the passage and answer the question. William the Conqueror became King of England in 1066, although he still ruled Normandy. These lands passed to his successors, making the future kings of England powerful landholders in France. The French kings wanted the English to leave Normandy, but the English kings believed they had a right to the land. Then in 1337, the English King Edward III declared himself the king of France. In retaliation, King Philip VI of France seized control of the kingdom of Aquitaine from the English in 1337. What was the outcome of events described in this passage? a King Phillip VI decided to invade England to try to seize the English throne b King Phillip VI was captured by the Black Prince and ransomed for three million crowns c King Edward III could not pay for a war unless he raised taxes, so he agreed to give up his claim to the French throne d King Edward III decided to invade France and reassert his right to the French throne, which began a series of conflicts called the Hundred Years' War