Why is rudyard kipling sometimes called the ""defender of imperialism""?

Rudyard Kipling, a British poet and author, wrote a series of essays and poems in support of imperialism (including The Jungle Book, 1894). Perhaps his most famous work is also his shortest, a mere seven stanzas, and also one of his most criticized. Called The White Man’s Burden, it was written in 1899 in response to America’s victory in the Spanish-American War and the subsequent acquisition of the Philippine Islands, but the poem also came to symbolize the voice of imperialist sentiments across Britain and the western world. The message was fairly simple. Imperialism was not about natural resources, but rather about bringing civilization to the backwards masses of the world. European and Western languages, religions, engineering techniques and even cleanliness were to be given freely to the ignorant backwards non-whites. As Kipling put it, the “burden” of bringing civilization to the masses was a difficult task, but it was one that would be rewarded by God. Kipling, after all, was a product of an age when ideas behind social Darwinism often brought with them extreme racism.

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may i ask what challenges?