How does the economic system of the United States depend on the exercise of individual rights?

The economic system that United States use is Capitalism.

In capitalism, all the production that happen in the country is influenced by the power of supply and demand. Each individuals in the country has the freedom to do whatever they want in order to obtain profit from the existing demand in the market.

For example, if there's a strong demand for programmers and Doctors, individuals have the ability to pursue whichever field that they prefer and dedicate themselves to accumulate their skills for it. After that, they can sell their skills (as doctors or programmers) in order to accumulate wealth.

The amount of freedom that people have to address the market is why people often say it's depended on the exercise of individual rights.

answer; i believe its called ; checks   and balances;