3. Why were both northerners and southerners racist?

The majority of Union soldiers were primarily motivated to serve in the Union Army by a desire to preserve the Union during the Civil War, not to abolish slavery in the United States.

True, radical abolitionists were motivated to join the Union Army to fight to abolish slavery in the United States, but most northern European-Americans who fought for the Union during the Civil War were every bit as racist as most southern European-Americans. They were primarily motivated to fight the military forces of the Confederate States of America to preserve the Union, not specifically to abolish slavery in the United States.

Most northern European-Americans harbored a deep racist view of African-Americans, and they did not want to have African-Americans permanently or even temporarily residing in their states and communities.

. austria-hungary began seizing british colonies in africa.

no one should discriminated against because he or she is not from a minority group