8. States delegate authority to their sub-units of government (including counties, municipalities, towns or townships, and villages). This delegation creates local autonomy and limits the degree of State influence in local affairs. What is the term used to describe this delegation?

Home rule.

Explanation:

Home rule is the system by which federalism is applied in the United States: the delegation of functions by the federal government in the states, and of these in the local governments, makes it the latter to exercise the prerogatives that were delegated to them, within the framework of their territories.

Thus, each local government exercises its delegated powers within its territories, only the states being able to exercise the powers that they did not delegate to the local governments, and the federal government those powers that they did not delegate to the states.

In this way, voters elect their local representatives in elections, who will handle most of the prerogatives that directly affect the citizenship of a determined local jurisdiction.

the 5th amendment is about the justice system

explanation:

there is no double jeopardy

due process

grand jury

and that you can’t incriminate yourself