Jacques surveys fellow students to rate their preferences for various courses on campus. He finds that the sciences are least popular whereas the humanities are most popular. However, he neglects the fact that he performed his survey right after midterm grades were announced. His friend Giselle follows up by doing the same survey at the beginning of the following semester and gets very different results. This may be an issue of

The correct answer is - temporal validity.

Explanation:

Temporal validity is an external validity that exhibits that the result of the research is valid in relation to the time which means the findings that are successfully made by the research have some of the variables no longer relevant after a time or to the future.

Changes in a result of preference at the beginning and after announcing the grades show that variables change over time and it is an example of temporal validity.

answer; biological;