Read a sentence from an argumentative essay. The guy who ran Rome didn’t like that the city looked old, so he built new stuff.

Which is the best example of how to revise the sentence to use formal language?

The emperor of Rome didn’t like how the city was built, so he ordered new buildings constructed.
The man in charge of Rome improved the facilities by ordering the construction of new buildings.
The Roman emperor wasn’t happy with the old facilities of Rome, so he constructed new buildings.
The Roman emperor improved the facilities of Rome by ordering the construction of new public buildings.

It is widely assumed that people need to engage in intellectual activities such as solving crossword puzzles or mathematics problems in order to maintain mental sharpness as they age. in fact, however, simply talking to other people—that is, participating in social interaction, which engages many mental and perceptual skills—suffices. evidence to this effect comes from a study showing that the more social contact people report, the better their mental skills. which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the force of the evidence cited? (a) as people grow older, they are often advised to keep exercising their physical and mental capacities in order to maintain or improve them. (b) many medical conditions and treatments that adversely affect a person's mental sharpness also tend to increase that person's social isolation. (c) many people are proficient both in social interactions and in solving mathematical problems. (d) the study did not itself collect data but analyzed data bearing on the issue from prior studies. (e) the tasks evaluating mental sharpness for which data were compiled by the study were more akin to mathematics problems than to conversation.