An economic recession refers to . A.

a long period of economic growth
B.

a sustained decline in economic output
C.

a governmental policy of printing more money
D.

a short period of booming economic growth and prosperity

I say C

Explanation:

A recession is a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales. ... Between trough and peak, the economy is in an expansion.

answer; primary source information;

for many centuries there were important factors which the economies of the muslim empires developed increasingly. they applied economic procedures in production, investment, finance, taxation and property. they used to tax certain goods (for example: harvest), they charged interest on money lent, they signed contracts with merchants; they relied on a common currency, and they used checks as well as promissory notes. with the money collected by means of taxation, the government provided the needy with an income. in addition, trading networks covered huge distances, so far regions started to have contact and exchange goods. this trade network covered areas of asia, africa and europe.