The frequency and closeness of associations a person has with deviant and nondeviant individuals is called a. a stigma. c. both a and b b. differential association. d. neither a nor b

differential association.

Explanation:

Differential association is the frequency and closeness of associations a person has with deviant and nondeviant individuals.

Differentiatial association is referred to as a theory that implies that individuals learn deviant and criminal behavior through their close association with criminal behavior values or patterns.

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