What economist opposed Thomas Malthus's views on population growth and

The correct response is  Ester Boserup.

Explanation:

Ester Boserup had a different view of population growth than Malthus.  Malthus believed that the potential for population growth is exponential, whereas the capacity for the land to support the growing population in agricultural terms was only linear.  Boserup's theory holds that increases and decreases in population will change the intensity of agricultural practices in society and so human ingenuity is an important part of the dynamic. Whereas Malthus believed that agricultural pressures would bring on death and shortages when populations exceed the carrying capacity, Boserup argued that people will adapt and respond to the pressures by increasing the production of food using machinery and fertilizers, for example.

the 2nd option is the answer