son cosas, hechos o fenomenos que ocurren o se dan en el mundo real o social, sobre los cuales se centra el interés para conocerlos, estudiarlos, analizarlos, etc...

How does specialization enable countries to trade with one another? a country can make and sell goods affordably and buy goods that it is inefficient at making. a country can make what it chooses and sell its goods to other countries. a country can decide to buy everything it needs from other countries. a country can efficiently make goods that were once difficult to make.

The graph shows excess demand. which needs to happen in order to stop disequilibrium from occurring? q needs to be coordinated with supply. q needs to be coordinated with demand. the price of goods needs to be increased. the price of goods needs to be decreased.

Asociologist wants to study a culture that occurs in some women’s prisons: “state families,” in which individual prisoners take on certain roles within a group of like-minded prisoners. there is previous evidence that younger prisoners will use older inmates who play the roles of grandparents as a resource before they will turn to staff for and advice. the lieutenant in charge of a dorm of long-term prisoners offers to gather volunteers to speak to the researcher and also offers to vouch for the integrity of the researcher. the use of this staff is: a valid use of a statistical technique referred to “snowball sampling” wherein the inclusion of the first subject leads to the recruitment of another one subject. a useful tactic in obtaining a sample of prisoners who both meet the criteria and who will be honest with the researcher. wrong and is prohibited; subject selection needs to be free from intervention by prison authorities or prisoners. acceptable only when the researcher’s irb grants a special waiver.