According to the authors of your text, when faced with a puzzling social question, it may be tempting to ask people why they behaved as they did. Why is this not always the best way to understand social behavior

people would not necessarily know why they behaved as they did.

Explanation:

This has been proven to not always be the best option since people would not necessarily know why they behaved as they did. Many other times individuals have been known to lie in order to make themselves appear more noble than they actually are. Therefore, asking this question ultimately just provides false information that is useless and can even cause damage to the data being gathered.

i think it is the third one.

chronological thinking is an indispensable tool to structure a historical narrative and to give meaning to a sequence of events. the final section presents the results of a survey to test the chronological thinking of lower secondary school students carried out by the educational research institute.