When the samples we want to compare pair in some natural way, such as a pretest/posttest for each person or husband/wife pairs, a more appropriate form of analysis is to not compare two separate variables, but instead to compare their .

differences

Explanation:

a pretest/protest experimental design is that  which involve the taking down or  recording down of measurements before and after  a treatment.pretest-posttest designs are a more suitable experimental design that is usually used when comparing participant groups and  also measuring the differences or the degree of change that happens as a result of treatments. there are various forms/ways of analyzing an experimental data of which there is the t-test. t-test is usually used to measure the differences between two groups in an experiment.

comparison of the differences  as a form of data analysis of the two variable(husband/wife) in a pretest/protest design using the t-test will show you if its a directional hypothesis or a non directional hypothesis and also clearing shows the relationship when comparing the two variables.

answer; i do believe that the correct answer is (punch card ballots);

answer; negative punishment;