Which of the following statements about European efforts to trade in the East is not true?
a.
Portugal took control of the Indian Ocean by force.
c.
The Philippines were used as a gateway to trade American silver with Asian economies.
b.
The Dutch did not try to impose anything but trade onto the Chinese.
d.
Europeans waited for civil war to collapse the Mughal Kingdom, then moved in to India.

D.

Europeans waited for civil war to collapse the Mughal Kingdom, then moved in to India.

Explanation:

During the colonial period, colonial powers had a significant effect on Southeast Asia. ... The arrival of Christianity that brought by the Europeans have affected Southeast Asian society and culture. In addition, a large demand for labor resulted in mass immigration that caused the demographical change.

Treaty gave France control of most of territory in southern Vietnam. ... European nations needed raw materials, European leaders wanted power and land, and they believed in social Darwinism.

Between 1945 and 1960, three dozen new states in Asia and Africa achieved autonomy or outright independence from their European colonial rulers. There was no one process of decolonization. In some areas, it was peaceful, and orderly. In many others, independence was achieved only after a protracted revolution.

i disagree that there is little difference between adult female development and adult male development. sociological studies comparing female and male pathways to adulthood, revelead that there are sustancial differences between them. particularly, female and male differ from timing of marriage, when they began to live with children and the likelihood of combining wife/husband and parent roles.