How are all courts, except the us supreme court, established?

by the constitution

by congress

by presidential executive order

by the states

All courts, except the US Supreme Court, established by Congress.

Explanation:

According to the article III of the Constitution, the Supreme Court was established, but Congress was given the authority to create lower federal courts whenever they are needed as per requirements. Structure and jurisdiction of the federal court system were established by The Judiciary Act of 1789 which created the position of attorney general.

All of the courts in the United States, except for the Supreme Court, was established by the Congress. The correct answer is B.

The answer is an appellate court.