In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, he presented the sound of a bell along with meat powder to his dogs. After several trials, the dogs learned to salivate to the sound of the bell in the absence of the meat powder. When the dogs salivated only at the sound of the bell and in the absence of meat powder, salivation acted as a(n)

it looks like its all of the above. [.wpal1kojopfdpojfrfionrnif.knfdsnksjosjo]

explanation:

you have to combine all of your answers together to

.wpal1kojopfdpojfrfionrnif.knfdsnksjosjo

the above statement/question is (true);

an informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.

answer; conditional stimulus will trigger a conditioned response;