Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a magazine as an advertising medium?
A) It has a poor pass-along readership.
B) It involves high costs.
C) It has low geographic selectivity.
D) It has low credibility and image.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

i’m   sure probably just geuss and see which one you can get right, i’m pretty sure it is the combination of goods and services

they could find out our specific needs.